髋关节是人体非常重要的一个关节，其神经支配非常复杂，从皮肤、肌肉到关节囊，支配的神经纵横交错。髋部手术涉及的神经主要包括腰丛神经、骶丛神经和T12、L1脊神经。腰丛神经在髋关节手术中发挥着重要作用，它由T12脊神经前支的部分、L1-3脊神经前支，L4脊神经前支的部分构成，并发出5个主要分支，髂腹下和髂腹股沟神经、股神经、闭孔神经、生殖股神经、股外侧皮神经。骶丛由第4腰神经前支余部和第5腰神经前支合成的腰骶干及全部骶神经和尾神经前支组成。

髋部皮肤、肌肉及关节囊的支配情况详见表1。

[1] G. B J J, SHAYAN S, M.R. A A. Overview of the Innervation of the Hip Joint [J]. Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America, 2021, 32(4).

[2]LAUMONERIE P, DALMAS Y, MEAGAN E T, et al. SENSORY INNERVATION OF THE HIP JOINT AND REFERRED PAIN. A Systematic Review of the literature [J]. Pain medicine (Malden, Mass), 2021, 22(5).

[3]J. S A, G. B J J, MICHAEL G, et al. Anatomic Study of Innervation of the Anterior Hip Capsule:Implication for Image-Guided Intervention [J]. Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, 2017, 43(2).

[4]GERHARDT M, JOHNSON K, ATKINSON R, et al. Characterisation and Classification of the Neural Anatomy in the Human Hip Joint [J]. HIP International, 2012, 22(1).

[5]BUGADA D, BELLINI V, LORINI L F, et al. Update on Selective Regional Analgesia for Hip Surgery Patients [J]. Anesthesiology Clinics, 2018, 36(3).

[6]S N A, CAROLINE B, P O A, et al. Innervation of the Posterior Hip Capsule: A Cadaveric Study [J]. Pain medicine (Malden, Mass), 2021, 22(5).

[7]LI J, TANG S, LAM D, et al. Novel utilization of fascial layer blocks in hip and knee procedures [J]. Best Practice & Research Clinical Anaesthesiology, 2019, 33(4).

Tags： 髋关节神经支配